Water Conservation in Ponds

In our Agriculture for Everybody blog series, we are going to see Water Conservation in Ponds which will help the farmer to extend the water availability.

Usually, during the rainy season, the ponds get filled to the brim.  The water is lost due to seepage and evaporation as well as pond bund destabilisation which makes the mud fall into the pond thereby reducing the storage capacity.

To effectively control the issues pointed out, the following techniques can be applied.

Seepage

• Placing clay at the bottom as well as on the walls of the pond will reduce seepage

Evaporation

• Introducing the following plants in the pond will reduce the evaporation
• White Lotus
• Red Lotus
• Water Lily
• The above plants will cover the entire surface of the pond and this way it will reduce the evaporation to the maximum extent.

Bund Stabilization

• Vettiver can be planted on the bunds of the ponds which will ensure the soil does not erode/fall into the pond

Integrated Pest Management - Trap Crop Details

In our Agriculture for Everybody blog series, we are going to see Trap Crop Details which will help the farmer to protect his crops and improve productivity.


Cereals

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Rice	N/A
Wheat	N/A

Fibre Crops

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Agave	N/A
Cotton	Alfalfa Bhendi (1:10) Chickpea Corn (1:20) Cowpea (1:5) Okra (1:10) Sunflower (1:5) Tobacco (1:20)
Jute	N/A

Flower Crops

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Anthurium	N/A
Carnation	N/A
China Aster	N/A
Chrysanthemum	N/A
Crossandra	N/A
Cut Chrysanthemum	N/A
Cut Rose	N/A
Dendrobium Orchid	N/A
Gerbera	N/A
Gladious	N/A
Golden Rod	N/A
Jathimalli (Pitchi)	N/A
Lilium	N/A
Malligai	N/A
Marigold	N/A
Maruvu	N/A
Mullai	N/A
Nerium	N/A
Rose	N/A
Tuberose	N/A

Forage Crops

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Cumbu Napier	N/A
Deenanath Grass	N/A
Fodder Cholam	N/A
Fodder Cowpea	N/A
Fodder Cumbu	N/A
Fodder Maize	N/A
Guinea Grass	N/A
Kolukattai Pullu	N/A
Kudirai Masal	N/A
Muyal Masal	N/A
Soundal	N/A
Veli Masal	N/A

Fruit Crops

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Acidlime	N/A
Amla	N/A
Annona	N/A
Apple	Sunflower
Apricot	N/A
Avocado	N/A
Banana	N/A
Ber	N/A
Bilimbi	N/A
Bread Fruit	N/A
Carambola	N/A
Durian	N/A
Egg Fruit	N/A
Fig	N/A
Grapes	N/A
Guava	N/A
Jack	N/A
Jamun	N/A
Karonda	N/A
Kiwi	N/A
Lemon	N/A
Litchi	N/A
Loquat	N/A
Mandarin Orange	N/A
Mango	N/A
Mangosteen	N/A
Mulberry	N/A
Papaya	N/A
Passion Fruit	N/A
Peach	Sunflower
Pear	N/A
Persimmon	N/A
Phalsa	N/A
Pineapple	N/A
Plum	N/A
Pomegranate	N/A
Rambutan	N/A
Sapota	N/A
Strawberry	N/A
Sweet Orange	N/A
West Indian Cherry	N/A

Medicinal Crops

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Aswagandha	N/A
Gloriosa	N/A
Phylanthus	N/A
Senna	N/A
Stevia	N/A
Periwinkle	N/A
Pyrethrum	N/A
Digitalis	N/A
Medicinal Dioscorea	N/A
Medicinal Solanum	N/A
Aloevera	N/A
Medicinal Coleus	N/A
Tippili	N/A

Millets

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Cumbu	N/A
Kudiraivali	N/A
Maize	Sorghum
Panivaragu	N/A
Ragi	N/A
Samai	N/A
Sorghum	N/A
Tenai	N/A
Varagu	N/A

Oil Seeds

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Castor	N/A
Gingelly	N/A
Groundnut	Blackgram Cowpea
Niger	N/A
Safflower	N/A
Sunflower	Castor Marigold

Plantation Crops

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Arecanut	N/A
Betelvine	N/A
Cashewnut	N/A
Cocoa	N/A
Coconut	N/A
Coffee	N/A
Oilpalm	N/A
Palmyrah	N/A
Rubber	N/A
Tea	N/A

Pulses

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Bengalgram	Marigold
Blackgram	N/A
Cowpea	Gingelly
Field lablab	N/A
Garden lablab	N/A
Greengram	N/A
Horsegram	N/A
Redgram	Green Gram Soybean
Soybean	Green Beans Sesbania (15m)
Swordbean	N/A

Spices

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Allspice	N/A
Cardamom	N/A
Cinnamon	N/A
Clove	N/A
Coriander	N/A
Fennel	N/A
Fenugreek	N/A
Garlic	N/A
Ginger	N/A
Mustard	N/A
Nutmeg	N/A
Paprika	N/A
Pepper	Sunflower
Tamarind	N/A
Turmeric	N/A
Vanilla	N/A

Sugar Crops

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Sugarbeet	N/A
Sugarcane	N/A
Sweet Sorghum	N/A

Vegetables

Crop Name	Trap Crop Name	Remarks
Amaranth	N/A
Annual Moringa	N/A
Ash Gourd	N/A
Asparagus	N/A
Babycorn	Beans Legumes Napier Grass Soybean Sunflower Sudan Grass
Basella	N/A
Beetroot	N/A
Bellary Onion	N/A
Bhendi	N/A
Bitter Gourd	Ribbed Gourd
Bottle Gourd	N/A
Brinjal	N/A
Broadbeans	Chrysanthemum
Brussels Sprout	N/A
Butter Bean	N/A
Cabbage	Chinese Cabbage (1:15) Indian Mustard (1:15) Seasame (2 Rows:25 Rows) Radish (1:15)
Capsicum	N/A
Carrot	N/A
Cauliflower	Seasame (2 Rows:25 Rows)
Celery	N/A
Ceylon Spinach	N/A
Chakravathi Keerai	N/A
Chekurmanis	N/A
Chickpea	N/A
Chillies	N/A
Chinese Cabbage	N/A
Chinese Potato	Marigold
Chow chow	N/A
Cluster Beans	N/A
Coccinia	N/A
Colocasia	N/A
Cucumber	N/A
Curry Leaf	N/A
Dioscorea	N/A
Elephant Foot Yam	N/A
French Bean	N/A
Gherkin	N/A
Knol-khol	N/A
Lablab	N/A
Lettuce	N/A
Mint	N/A
Musk Melon	N/A
Palak	N/A
Paprika	N/A
Peas	N/A
Potato	Horse Radish Marigold
Pumpkin	N/A
Radish	N/A
Rhubarb	N/A
Ribbed Gourd	N/A
Small Onion	N/A
Snake Gourd	N/A
Soybean	N/A
Sweet Potato	N/A
Tapioca	N/A
Tinda	N/A
Tomato	Cucumber (1:15) Marigold (1:15) Sunflower
Turnip	N/A
Vegetable Cowpea	N/A
Watermelon	N/A
Winged Bean	N/A

Integrated Pest Management - Border Crop or Perimeter Crop Details

In our Agriculture for Everybody blog series, we are going to see Border Crop or Perimeter Crop Details which will help the farmer to protect his crops and improve productivity.


Cereals

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Rice	Blackgram Flowers Marigold
Wheat	N/A

Fibre Crops

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Agave	N/A
Cotton	Castor Marigold
Jute	N/A

Flower Crops

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Anthurium	N/A
Carnation	N/A
China Aster	N/A
Chrysanthemum	N/A
Crossandra	N/A
Cut Chrysanthemum	N/A
Cut Rose	N/A
Dendrobium Orchid	N/A
Gerbera	N/A
Gladious	N/A
Golden Rod	N/A
Jathimalli (Pitchi)	N/A
Lilium	N/A
Malligai	N/A
Marigold	N/A
Maruvu	N/A
Mullai	N/A
Nerium	N/A
Rose	N/A
Tuberose	N/A

Forage Crops

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Cumbu Napier	N/A
Deenanath Grass	N/A
Fodder Cholam	N/A
Fodder Cowpea	N/A
Fodder Cumbu	N/A
Fodder Maize	N/A
Guinea Grass	N/A
Kolukattai Pullu	N/A
Kudirai Masal	N/A
Muyal Masal	N/A
Soundal	N/A
Veli Masal	N/A

Fruit Crops

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Acidlime	N/A
Amla	N/A
Annona	N/A
Apple	N/A
Apricot	N/A
Avocado	N/A
Banana	N/A
Ber	N/A
Bilimbi	N/A
Bread Fruit	N/A
Carambola	N/A
Durian	N/A
Egg Fruit	N/A
Fig	N/A
Grapes	N/A
Guava	N/A
Jack	N/A
Jamun	N/A
Karonda	N/A
Kiwi	N/A
Lemon	N/A
Litchi	N/A
Loquat	N/A
Mandarin Orange	N/A
Mango	N/A
Mangosteen	N/A
Mulberry	N/A
Papaya	N/A
Passion Fruit	N/A
Peach	N/A
Pear	N/A
Persimmon	N/A
Phalsa	N/A
Pineapple	N/A
Plum	N/A
Pomegranate	N/A
Rambutan	N/A
Sapota	N/A
Strawberry	N/A
Sweet Orange	N/A
West Indian Cherry	N/A

Medicinal Crops

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Aswagandha	N/A
Gloriosa	N/A
Phylanthus	N/A
Senna	N/A
Stevia	N/A
Periwinkle	N/A
Pyrethrum	N/A
Digitalis	N/A
Medicinal Dioscorea	N/A
Medicinal Solanum	N/A
Aloevera	N/A
Medicinal Coleus	N/A
Tippili	N/A

Millets

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Cumbu	N/A
Kudiraivali	N/A
Maize	N/A
Panivaragu	N/A
Ragi	N/A
Samai	N/A
Sorghum	N/A
Tenai	N/A
Varagu	N/A

Oil Seeds

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Castor	N/A
Gingelly	N/A
Groundnut	Castor Cowpea Kumbu Millet Sunflower
Niger	N/A
Safflower	N/A
Sunflower	Castor Marigold

Plantation Crops

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Arecanut	N/A
Betelvine	N/A
Cashewnut	N/A
Cocoa	N/A
Coconut	N/A
Coffee	N/A
Oilpalm	N/A
Palmyrah	N/A
Rubber	N/A
Tea	N/A

Pulses

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Bengalgram	N/A
Blackgram	N/A
Cowpea	N/A
Field lablab	N/A
Garden lablab	N/A
Greengram	N/A
Horsegram	N/A
Redgram	N/A
Soybean	N/A
Swordbean	N/A

Spices

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Allspice	N/A
Cardamom	N/A
Cinnamon	N/A
Clove	N/A
Coriander	N/A
Fennel	N/A
Fenugreek	N/A
Garlic	Basil Marigold
Ginger	N/A
Mustard	N/A
Nutmeg	N/A
Paprika	N/A
Pepper	N/A
Tamarind	N/A
Turmeric	N/A
Vanilla	N/A

Sugar Crops

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Sugarbeet	N/A
Sugarcane	N/A
Sweet Sorghum	N/A

Vegetables

Crop Name	Border Crop Name	Remarks
Amaranth	N/A
Annual Moringa	N/A
Ash Gourd	N/A
Asparagus	N/A
Babycorn	Napier Grass Sudan Grass Vetiver Grass
Basella	N/A
Beetroot	N/A
Bellary Onion	N/A
Bhendi	Maize Pulses Sorghum
Bitter Gourd	N/A
Bottle Gourd	N/A
Brinjal	N/A
Broadbeans	N/A
Brussels Sprout	N/A
Butter Bean	N/A
Cabbage	Tomato (2  weeks ahead)
Capsicum	N/A
Carrot	Garlic Onion
Cauliflower	N/A
Celery	N/A
Ceylon Spinach	N/A
Chakravathi Keerai	N/A
Chekurmanis	N/A
Chickpea	N/A
Chillies	N/A
Chinese Cabbage	N/A
Chinese Potato	N/A
Chow chow	N/A
Cluster Beans	N/A
Coccinia	N/A
Colocasia	N/A
Cucumber	N/A
Curry Leaf	N/A
Dioscorea	N/A
Elephant Foot Yam	N/A
French Bean	N/A
Gherkin	N/A
Knol-khol	N/A
Lablab	N/A
Lettuce	N/A
Mint	N/A
Musk Melon	N/A
Palak	N/A
Paprika	N/A
Peas	N/A
Potato	N/A
Pumpkin	N/A
Radish	N/A
Rhubarb	N/A
Ribbed Gourd	N/A
Small Onion	N/A
Snake Gourd	N/A
Soybean	N/A
Sweet Potato	N/A
Tapioca	N/A
Tinda	N/A
Tomato	N/A
Turnip	N/A
Vegetable Cowpea	N/A
Watermelon	N/A
Winged Bean	N/A

Intercrop Details

In our Agriculture for Everybody blog series, we are going to see Inter Crop Details which will help the farmer to plan his crops.

 

Note:

• F stands for Filler Crops
• C stands for Companion Crop
• Ginger, Pineapple, Turmeric can be grown in fully grown orchards

Cereals

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Rice	N/A
Wheat	N/A

 

Fibre Crops

 

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Agave	N/A
Cotton	Blackgram Cowpea Greengram Soybean
Jute	N/A

 

Flower Crops

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Anthurium	N/A
Carnation	N/A
China Aster	N/A
Chrysanthemum	N/A
Crossandra	N/A
Cut Chrysanthemum	N/A
Cut Rose	N/A
Dendrobium Orchid	N/A
Gerbera	N/A
Gladious	N/A
Golden Rod	N/A
Jathimalli (Pitchi)	N/A
Lilium	N/A
Malligai	N/A
Marigold	N/A
Maruvu	N/A
Mullai	N/A
Nerium	N/A
Rose	N/A
Tuberose	N/A

Forage Crops

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Cumbu Napier	N/A
Deenanath Grass	N/A
Fodder Cholam	CO5 CO (FC) 8 Cowpea
Fodder Cowpea	N/A
Fodder Cumbu	N/A
Fodder Maize	CO5 CO (FC) 8 Cowpea
Guinea Grass	N/A
Kolukattai Pullu	Stylosanthes scabra
Kudirai Masal	N/A
Muyal Masal	N/A
Soundal	N/A
Veli Masal	N/A

 

Fruit Crops

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Acidlime	Legumes Vegetables
Amla	N/A
Annona	N/A
Apple	N/A
Apricot	N/A
Avocado	N/A
Banana	Beetroot Dioscorea Elephant Foot Yam Ginger Greengram Legumes Maize Sunhemp	Avoid Cucurbitaceous vegetables
Ber	N/A
Bilimbi	N/A
Bread Fruit	N/A
Carambola	N/A
Durian	N/A
Egg Fruit	N/A
Fig	N/A
Grapes	N/A
Guava	Legumes Vegetables
Jack	N/A
Jamun	Legumes Vegetables
Karonda	N/A
Kiwi	N/A
Lemon	N/A
Litchi	Callocasia Elephant Foot Yam Sweet Potato Turmeric
Loquat	N/A
Mandarin Orange	Ginger
Mango	Cassava Elephant Foot Yam Groundnut Sweet Potato Legumes Vegetables	Papaya (F) Peach (F) Phalsa (F) Plum (F) Guava (F)
Mangosteen	N/A
Mulberry	N/A
Papaya	N/A
Passion Fruit	N/A
Peach	N/A
Pear	N/A
Persimmon	N/A
Phalsa	N/A
Pineapple	N/A	Shade loving crop
Plum	N/A
Pomegranate	N/A
Rambutan	N/A
Sapota	Legumes Vegetables
Strawberry	N/A
Sweet Orange	Legumes Ginger Vegetables
West Indian Cherry	N/A

 

Medicinal Crops

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Aswagandha	N/A
Gloriosa	N/A
Phylanthus	N/A
Senna	N/A
Stevia	N/A
Periwinkle	N/A
Pyrethrum	N/A
Digitalis	N/A
Medicinal Dioscorea	N/A
Medicinal Solanum	N/A
Aloevera	N/A
Medicinal Coleus	N/A
Tippili	N/A

 

Millets

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Cumbu	Pulses
Kudiraivali	N/A
Maize	Blackgram Broccoli Cabbage Cowpea Cucumber Greengram Radish Redgram Snap Bean
Panivaragu	N/A
Ragi	Pigeon Pea
Samai	N/A
Sorghum	Forage Cowpea  CO1 Pulses
Tenai	N/A
Varagu	N/A

 

Oil Seeds

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Castor	Blackgram Greengram Groundnut Onion
Gingelly	N/A
Groundnut	Blackgram Castor Cowpea Cumbu Gingelly Pulses Redbeans Redgram Sunflower
Niger	N/A
Safflower	N/A
Sunflower	N/A

 

Plantation Crops

 

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Arecanut	Black Pepper Cinnamon Citrus Clove Cocoa Coffee Dioscorea Elephant Foot Yam Vanilla
Betelvine	N/A
Cashewnut	Groundnut Minor Millets Pulses
Cocoa	N/A
Coconut	Banana Bhendi Cocoa Cassava Dioscorea Elephant Foot Yam Ginger Greater Yam Green Manures Groundnut Guinea Grass Napier Grass Nutmeg Papaya Pepper Pineapple Sesame Sirukizhangu Soybean Sunflower Sweet Potato Tapioca Turmeric Vanilla	Avoid Paddy, Sugarcane
Coffee	Dioscorea Elephant Foot Yam Ginger
Oilpalm	Cocoa
Palmyrah	N/A
Rubber	Dioscorea Elephant Foot Yam
Tea	N/A

Pulses

 

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Bengalgram	Coriander Wheat
Blackgram	N/A
Cowpea	Maize
Field lablab	N/A
Garden lablab	N/A
Greengram	N/A
Horsegram	N/A
Redgram	N/A
Soybean	N/A
Swordbean	N/A	Shade Crop

 

Spices

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Allspice	N/A
Cardamom	N/A
Cinnamon	N/A
Clove	N/A
Coriander	N/A
Fennel	N/A
Fenugreek	N/A
Garlic	N/A
Ginger	N/A	Shade Crop
Mustard	N/A
Nutmeg	N/A
Paprika	N/A
Pepper	Onion
Tamarind	Annual Drumstick Sesamum Sorghum Vegetables
Turmeric	Bhendi Castor Chillies Coriander Fenugreek Onion Redgram	Shade Crop
Vanilla	N/A

Sugar Crops

 

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Sugarbeet	N/A
Sugarcane	Blackgram Daincha Greengram Groundnut Onion Soybean Sunhemp	Mustard (C) Potato (C) Wheat (C)
Sweet Sorghum	N/A

 

Vegetables

Crop Name	Intercrop Name	Remarks
Amaranth	N/A
Annual Moringa	Bhendi Cowpea Tomato
Ash Gourd	N/A
Asparagus	N/A
Babycorn	N/A
Basella	N/A
Beetroot	Bhendi
Bellary Onion	N/A
Bhendi	Beetroot
Bitter Gourd	Maize (C)
Bottle Gourd	N/A
Brinjal	Coriander (C) Fennel (C)
Broadbeans	Peas
Brussels Sprout	N/A
Butter Bean	N/A
Cabbage	Carrot (C) French Bean (C) Mustard (C) Tomato (C)
Capsicum	N/A
Carrot	N/A
Cauliflower	Mustard (C)
Celery	N/A
Ceylon Spinach	N/A
Chakravathi Keerai	N/A
Chekurmanis	N/A
Chickpea	N/A
Chillies	Coriander Onion
Chinese Cabbage	N/A
Chinese Potato	N/A
Chow chow	N/A
Cluster Beans	Peas
Coccinia	N/A
Colocasia	N/A
Cucumber	N/A
Curry Leaf	Pulses
Dioscorea	N/A
Elephant Foot Yam	N/A
French Bean	N/A
Gherkin	N/A
Knol-khol	N/A
Lablab	N/A
Lettuce	N/A
Mint	N/A
Musk Melon	N/A
Palak	N/A
Paprika	N/A
Peas	N/A
Potato	N/A	Cabbage (C) Raddish  (C) Sugarbeet  (C) Wheat  (C)
Pumpkin	N/A
Radish	N/A
Rhubarb	N/A
Ribbed Gourd	N/A
Small Onion	Pepper
Snake Gourd	N/A
Soybean	N/A
Sweet Potato	N/A
Tapioca	Coriander Onion Short Duration Pulses Short Duration Vegetables
Tinda	N/A
Tomato	N/A
Turnip	N/A
Vegetable Cowpea	Vegetable Cowpea
Watermelon	N/A
Winged Bean	N/A